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Śūraṅgama Sūtra

大佛頂首楞嚴經 (शूरङ्गम सूत्र)

Śūraṅgama Sūtra




The complete title preserved in Chinese: 大佛頂如來密因修證了義諸菩薩萬行首楞嚴經, meaning:

The Sūtra on the Śūraṅgama Mantra that is spoken from above the Crown of the Great Buddha's Head and on the Hidden Basis of the Tathâgata's Myriad Bodhisattva Practices that lead to their Verifications of Ultimate Truth.





Shurangama Sutra Introduction(楞嚴經簡介)



Shurangama Sutra Commentary



  1. The Nature and Location of the Mind

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 1



    1. The Request for Dharma

    2. The Location of the Mind


      1. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Is in the Body

      2. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Is Outside the Body

      3. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Is in the Eye-Faculty

      4. Ānanda Reconsiders Seeing Inside and Seeing Outside

      5. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Comes into Being in Response to Conditions

      6. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Is in the Middle

      7. Ānanda Proposes That the Mind Has No Specific Location


    3. The Conditioned Mind and the True Mind




  2. The Nature of Visual Awareness

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 2



    1. It Is the Mind That Sees

    2. Visual Awareness Does Not Move

    3. Visual Awareness Does Not Perish

    4. The True Nature of Visual Awareness Is Not Lost

    5. Visual Awareness Is Not Dependent upon Conditions

    6. Visual Awareness Is Not a Perceived Object

    7. Visual Awareness Has Neither Shape nor Extension

    8. Visual Awareness Is Both Separate and Not Separate from Objects

    9. Visual Awareness Arises Neither on Its Own nor from Causes

    10. True Visual Awareness

    11. Distortions in Visual Awareness Based on Karma

    12. Visual Awareness Exists Neither Through Inhering nor in Conjoining



  3. The Matrix of the Thus-Come One

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 3



    1. The Five Aggregates Are the Matrix of the Thus-Come One

      1. The Aggregate of Form

      2. The Aggregate of Sense-Perception

      3. The Aggregate of Cognition

      4. The Aggregate of Mental Formations

      5. The Aggregate of Consciousness

    2. The Six Faculties Are the Matrix of the Thus-Come One

      1. The Eye-Faculty

      2. The Ear-Faculty

      3. The Nose-Faculty

      4. The Tongue-Faculty

      5. The Body-Faculty

      6. The Cognitive Faculty

    3. The Twelve Sites Are the Matrix of the Thus-Come One

      1. The Eye-Faculty and Visible Objects

      2. The Ear-Faculty and Sounds

      3. The Nose-Faculty and Odors

      4. The Tongue-Faculty and Flavors

      5. The Body-Faculty and Objects of Touch

      6. The Cognitive Faculty and Objects of Cognition

    4. The Eighteen Constituents Are the Matrix of the Thus-Come One

      1. The Coming into Being of the Eye-Consciousness

      2. The Coming into Being of the Ear-Consciousness

      3. The Coming into Being of the Nose-Consciousness

      4. The Coming into Being of the Tongue-Consciousness

      5. The Coming into Being of the Body-Consciousness

      6. The Coming into Being of the Mind-Consciousness

    5. The Seven Primary Elements Are the Matrix of the Thus-Come One

      1. The Primary Element Earth

      2. The Primary Element Fire

      3. The Primary Element Water

      4. The Primary Element Wind

      5. The Primary Element Space

      6. The Primary Element Awareness

      7. The Primary Element Consciousness

    6. Ānanda’s Vow


  4. The Coming into Being of the World of Illusion

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 4



    1. Adding Understanding to Understanding

    2. The Buddhas’ Enlightenment Is Irreversible

    3. The Interfusing of the Primary Elements

    4. Delusion Has No Basis: The Parable of Yajñadatta



  5. Instructions for Practice

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 5



    1. Five Layers of Turbidity

    2. Choosing One Faculty in Order to Liberate All Six

    3. The Example of the Bell’s Sound

    4. The Analogy of the Six Knots



  6. Twenty-Five Sages

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 6



    1. Twenty-Five Sages Speak of Enlightenment

    2. The Bodhisattva Who Hears the Cries of the World

    3. The Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī’s Recommendation



  7. Four Clear and Definitive Instructions on Purity

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 7



    1. On Sexual Desire

    2. On Killing

    3. On Stealing

    4. On Making False Claims



  8. The Śūraṅgama Mantra

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 8 Part 1



    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 8 Part 2



    1. Establishing a Place for Awakening

    2. The Śūraṅgama Mantra

    3. The Powers of the Mantra

    4. Vows of Protection



  9. Levels of Being

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 9 Part 1



    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 9 Part 2



    1. The Coming into Being of the World of Illusion

    2. Twelve Classes of Beings

    3. Three Gradual Steps

      1. Avoiding the Plants of the Onion Group

      2. Ending Any Violation of the Fundamental Rules of Behavior

      3. Avoiding Intentional Engagement with Perceived Objects

    4. The Fifty-Seven Stages of the Bodhisattva’s Path

      1. Arid Wisdom

      2. Ten Stages of Stabilizing the Mind

      3. Ten Abodes

      4. Ten Practices

      5. Ten Dedications

      6. Four Additional Practices

      7. Ten Grounds

      8. Two Final Stages

    5. Naming the Discourse

    6. The Hells

      1. Ānanda Requests Instruction.

      2. The Roles of Emotion and Thought

      3. Ten Causes and Six Retributions

    7. The Destiny of Ghosts

    8. The Destiny of Animals

    9. The Destiny of Humans

    10. The Destiny of the Ascetic Masters

    11. The Destiny of the Gods

      1. The Gods of the Six Heavens of Desire

      2. The Gods of the Eighteen Heavens of Form: The 1st Dhyāna

      3. The Gods of the Eighteen Heavens of Form: The 2nd Dhyāna

      4. The Gods of the Eighteen Heavens of Form: The 3rd Dhyāna

      5. The Gods of the Eighteen Heavens of Form: The 4th Dhyāna

      6. The Gods of the Eighteen Heavens of Form: The Pure Abodes

      7. The Gods on the Four Planes of Formlessness

    12. The Destiny of asurās

    13. The Seven Destinies Are the Result of Karma


  10. Fifty Demonic States of Mind

    Shurangama Sutra Chapter 10





    1. Dangers May Arise with Advanced Practice

    2. Ten Demonic States of Mind Associated with the Aggregate of Form

    3. Ten Demonic States of Mind Associated with the Aggregate of Sense-Perception

    4. Ten Demonic States of Mind Associated with the Aggregate of Cognition

    5. Ten Demonic States of Mind Associated with the Aggregate of Mental Formations

    6. Ten Demonic States of Mind Associated with the Aggregate of Consciousness

    7. The Five Aggregates Arise from Delusion

    8. The Merit MN 142 of Teaching the Śūraṅgama Dharma



    Sūtra